冬の味覚、お雑煮の進化ないし堕落したもの
自己意識がなければ、「自分のもの」という意識がうまれない。しかし、自己意識があれば、そこから必然的に「自分のもの」という意識が生まれるのだろうか。（これの考察をはじめると、この書庫のテーマをはみ出るので、ここでは問題の指摘にとどめたい。）「自分のもの」という意識が生まれると、それを他者が侵害することは悪いことである、といえるだろう。それは「自分のもの」という言葉の意味に含まれている（と考えたい）。ここで問題にしたいのは、「「自分のもの」を侵害するのは、悪いことである」を認めても、そこから、復讐してもよいとか、復讐すべきであるとか、いうことは、どのようにして帰結するのだろうか、という問題である。
これの逆のケースも考えられる。他人が、彼のものを私にくれたとしよう。これは「侵害」の反対の行為である。そのとき、我々は、その恩返しをしようとする。それはなぜだろうか。
悪意の反対は、善意である。悪意が相手に損害を与えようとする心であるとすると、善意は相手に利益を与えようとする心である。相手から損害を得た者は、相手に憎しみ、怒り、敵意、などを感じる。相手から利益を得た者は、相手に感謝、恩、負い目、などを感じる。
相手が私に利益を与えてくれたとしよう。私に利益が生まれた。その原因は、他者の行為である。しかも他者は私に利益を与えようと意図して、その行為を行ってくれた。その行為によって他者自身が何らかの不利益を被るのであれ、何の不利益も被らないのであれ、あるいは何らかの利益を得るのであれ、我々は他者のその行為に感謝するだろう。
他者の行為によって我々が不利益を被るとき、他者が我々に不利益を与えようと意図して、その行為を行ったとき、私は他者を憎むだろう。その行為によって、他者が利益を得るのであれ、何の利益も得ないのであれ、何らかの不利益を被るのであれ、我々は他者の行為を憎むだろう。
他者に対する感謝と憎しみは、全く対称的な関係にあるのだろうか。つまり、同じ心のメカニズムが反対方向に働いているだけの違いなのだろうか？
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